Group-size dependent synergy in heterogeneous populations

When people collaborate, they expect more in return than a simple sum of their efforts. This observation is at the heart so-called public goods game, where participants' contributions are multiplied by an $r$ synergy factor before distributed among group members. However, larger could be effective, which can described factor. To elaborate on possible consequences, this study, we introduce model population has different sizes groups, and applied depends size group. We examine options when increment linear, slow, or sudden, but all cases, cooperation level higher that homogeneous used. In latter case, smaller groups perform better; however, behavior reversed increases for groups. Hence, entire community benefits because rewarded better. Notably, similar qualitative observed other heterogeneous topologies, including scale-free interaction graphs.